内存加压¶
内存加压 | mem-pressure¶
介绍内存加压小工具:mem-pressure
本文代码基于:Android 12
使用¶
usage 信息。
emulator_x86_64:/ ## mem-pressure -h
Usage: [OPTIONS]
-d N: Duration in microsecond to sleep between each allocation.
-i N: Number of iterations to run the alloc process.
-o N: The oom_score to set the child process to before alloc.
-s N: Number of bytes to allocate in an alloc process loop.
Aborted
其实不需要配置参数,这个程序同样运行的很好,有配置默认参数只是没放在 help
中,代码分析时介绍。直接运行 mem-pressure
二进制程序,会有如下的终端输出和 logcat 日志。
- 终端输出
130|emulator_x86_64:/ ## mem-pressure
Child 0 allocated 2654 MB
Child 1 allocated 3985 MB
Child 2 allocated 4614 MB
Child 3 allocated 4907 MB
Child 4 allocated 5097 MB
Child 5 allocated 5140 MB
......
接收 Ctrl + C 信号退出
- logcat
04-04 20:16:24.229 174 174 I lowmemorykiller: Kill 'com.android.inputmethod.latin' (3294), uid 10086, oom_score_adj 200 to free 13172kB rss, 31664kB swap; reason: device is low on swap (0kB < 151184kB) and thrashing (134%)
04-04 20:16:24.431 174 174 I lowmemorykiller: Kill 'android.ext.services' (3275), uid 10100, oom_score_adj 100 to free 11536kB rss, 33032kB swap; reason: device is low on swap (0kB < 151184kB) and thrashing (220%)
04-04 20:16:24.497 174 174 I lowmemorykiller: Kill 'com.android.launcher3' (3244), uid 10090, oom_score_adj 0 to free 22360kB rss, 49604kB swap; reason: device is low on swap (0kB < 151184kB) and thrashing (273%)
04-04 20:16:30.117 174 174 I lowmemorykiller: Kill 'android.process.acore' (3395), uid 10039, oom_score_adj 200 to free 22840kB rss, 33072kB swap; reason: device is low on swap (2372kB < 151184kB) and thrashing (208%)
04-04 20:16:30.324 174 174 I lowmemorykiller: Kill 'com.android.inputmethod.latin' (3376), uid 10086, oom_score_adj 200 to free 13412kB rss, 31656kB swap; reason: device is low on swap (0kB < 151184kB) and thrashing (152%)
04-04 20:16:30.546 174 174 I lowmemorykiller: Kill 'com.android.launcher3' (3339), uid 10090, oom_score_adj 0 to free 22880kB rss, 49428kB swap; reason: device is low on swap (0kB < 151184kB) and thrashing (200%)
从上面的运行反馈来看,可以很好的理解程序的目的: fork 子进程申请尽可能多的内存。由此会触发 lowmemorykiller
按 oom_adj_score
杀进程的动作。
代码分析¶
关键参数¶
system/extras/alloc-stress/mem-pressure.cpp
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
pid_t pid;
size_t* shared;
int c, i = 0;
size_t duration = 1000; //注释 1:子进程申请内存的时间间隔
int iterations = 0; //注释 2:子进程申请内存交互次数
const char* oom_score = "899"; //注释 3:子进程 oom_score_adj 的数值
size_t step_size = 2 * 1024 * 1024; // 2 MB //注释 4:子进程每次申请的内存大小
size_t size = step_size; //注释 5:子进程基础内存申请大小
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "hi:d:o:s:")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'i':
iterations = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'd':
duration = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'o':
oom_score = optarg;
break;
case 's':
step_size = atoi(optarg);
break;
case 'h':
usage();
abort();
default:
abort();
}
}
程序的初始化有这样的默认值设置,见 //注释 1 - 5
。然后是入参的解析赋值。
主循环¶
system/extras/alloc-stress/mem-pressure.cpp
//注释 1:一个通道,用于获取子进程所分配的内存大小
shared = (size_t*)mmap(NULL, sizeof(size_t), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_SHARED,
0, 0);
while (iterations == 0 || i < iterations) {//注释 2:默认无限循环
*shared = 0;
pid = fork();
if (!pid) {
/* Child *///注释 3:子进程开始内存加压
add_pressure(shared, size, step_size, duration, oom_score);
/* Shoud not get here */
exit(0);
} else {
wait(NULL);
//注释 4:打印子进程的内存分配大小
printf("Child %d allocated %zd MB\n", i, *shared / 1024 / 1024);
//注释 5:更新基础分配值,用于加速接近内存边界。
size = *shared / 2;
}
i++;
}
注释 2,默认参数下,iterations == 0
所以会持续 fork 并申请内存。
注释 3,在子进程中申请内存,开始加压。
注释 4:压力爆表后展示申请的大小。
注释 5:用于加速下一次的内存申请。
下面看注释 3 的 add_pressure 方法。
system/extras/alloc-stress/mem-pressure.cpp
void* alloc_set(size_t size) {
void* addr = NULL;
addr = malloc(size);
if (!addr) {
printf("Allocating %zd MB failed\n", size / 1024 / 1024);
} else {
memset(addr, 0, size);
}
return addr;
}
void add_pressure(size_t* shared, size_t size, size_t step_size, size_t duration,
const char* oom_score) {
int fd, ret;
//注释 1:设置优先级
fd = open("/proc/self/oom_score_adj", O_WRONLY);
ret = write(fd, oom_score, strlen(oom_score));
if (ret < 0) {
printf("Writing oom_score_adj failed with err %s\n", strerror(errno));
}
close(fd);
//注释 2:申请基础内存
if (alloc_set(size)) {
*shared = size;
}
//注释 3:持续申请内存
while (alloc_set(step_size)) {
size += step_size;
*shared = size;
usleep(duration);
}
}
人如其名,有三步动作,见注释 1 - 3。持续加压的后果就是内存压力爆炸,触发 lmk 杀进程,杀到多少呢?(理论上)杀到子进程的 oom_score_adj
即默认值 899 使得内存得到释放。
总结¶
这个工具有什么用?
就这个工具本身来说,是通过不断申请内存,直至开始 lmk 杀进程,杀的优先级极限(理论上)是我们设置的 -o 参数。其价值更多在于提供了一种思路,如何模拟 Android 系统内存压力场景。比如说,想得知 launcher 进程在大约多少的内存压力下会被杀?设置 -o 参数为 launcher 优先级
又比如说,我们想指定消耗掉多少内存后,做某种测试等等。